Git is a free and open source distributed version control system designed to handle everything from small to very large projects with speed and efficiency.
Git is easy to learn and has a tiny footprint with lightning fast performance. It outclasses SCM tools like Subversion, CVS, Perforce, and ClearCase with features like cheap local branching, convenient staging areas, and multiple workflows.

By: Git

Install/Update

• Windows

Download latest source release

• Mac OS

Download latest source release

• Ubuntu Debian

$ sudo add-apt-repository ppa:git-core/ppa -y
$ sudo apt-get update
$ sudo apt-get install git -y

• Other

Access the list here

Commands (All)

Setup and Config

• config - Get and set repository or global options

Open the terminal and type the commands:

Username:

$ git config --global user.name "your_name"

E-mail:

$ git config --global user.email "your_email"

Editor:

$ git config --global core.editor "your_fav_editor"

Git config editor:

Editor	Config Command
VS Code	$ git config --global core.editor "code --wait"
Atom	$ git config --global core.editor "atom --wait"
emacs	$ git config --global core.editor "emacs"
nano	$ git config --global core.editor "nano -w"
vim	$ git config --global core.editor "vim"
Textmate	$ git config --global core.editor "mate -w"
Sublime Text (Mac)	$ git config --global core.editor "subl -n -w"
Sublime Text (Win x86)	$ git config --global core.editor "'c:/program files (x86)/sublime text 3/sublimetext.exe' -w"
Sublime Text (Win x64)	$ git config --global core.editor "'c:/program files/sublime text 3/sublimetext.exe' -w"

Display settings:

$ git config <key>

Example:

$ git config user.name
$ git config user.email 
$ git config --list

Getting and Creating Projects

• init - Create an empty Git repository or reinitialize an existing one

$ git init

• clone - Clone a repository into a new directory

$ git clone <repository>

Basic Snapshotting

• satus - Show the working tree status

$ git status

• add - Add file contents to the index

One file:

$ git add <file_name>

All files:

$ git add *

• rm - Remove files from the working tree and from the index

One File:

$ git rm --cached <file_name>

All files:

$ git rm --cached *

• commit - Record changes to the repository

$ git commit -m "comment"

• reset - Reset current HEAD to the specified state

$ git reset HEAD <file_name>

Branching and Merging

• branch - List, create, or delete branches

$ git branch

Create a new branch with checkout:

$ git checkout -b <branch_name>

• log - Show commit logs

$ git log <options>

• checkout - Switch branches or restore working tree files

$ git checkout <file_name>

Sharing and Updating Projects

• push - Update remote refs along with associated objects

$ git push

Inspection and Comparison

• shortlog - Summarize git log output

$ git shortlog <options>

• diff - Show changes between commits, commit and working tree, etc

$ git diff <options>

Generating a new SSH key and adding it to the ssh-agent

1. Open your terminal
2. Paste the command below, substituting in your GitHub email address

$ ssh-keygen -t rsa -b 4096 -C "your_email@example.com"

3. Press Enter for this accepts the default file location

> Enter a file in which to save the key (/c/Users/you/.ssh/id_rsa):[Press enter]

4. Type a secure passphrase and confirm (optional)

> Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase): [Type a passphrase]
> Enter same passphrase again: [Type passphrase again]

5. Enter the folder containing your key (default path is .ssh)

$ cd ~/.ssh

6. Get the key from the id_rsa.pub file with the command below

With cat command:
$ cat id_rsa.pub

With more command:
$ more id_rsa.pub